{"id":762,"date":"2023-01-24T07:59:53","date_gmt":"2023-01-24T07:59:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.czechbankingnews.cz\/?p=762"},"modified":"2023-01-24T16:25:07","modified_gmt":"2023-01-24T16:25:07","slug":"pravni-novinky-2023-zmeny-v-duchodech-i-ve-zdravotnim-pojisteni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.czechbankingnews.cz\/?p=762","title":{"rendered":"2023: Zm\u011bny v d\u016fchodech i zdravotn\u00edm poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u00a0leto\u0161n\u00edm roce n\u00e1s \u010dek\u00e1 i plno pr\u00e1vn\u00edch novinek. Vybrali jsme ty, kter\u00e9 se dotknou co nejv\u00edce lid\u00ed. Zm\u011bny se nap\u0159\u00edklad t\u00fdkaj\u00ed starobn\u00edch d\u016fchod\u016f, pojistn\u00e9ho ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m zdravotn\u00edm poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, ale i tab\u00e1kov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f.<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Da\u0148 z tab\u00e1kov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f je od ostatn\u00edch spot\u0159ebn\u00edch dan\u00ed dosti specifick\u00e1. V\u00fdrobky z\u00a0tab\u00e1ku se d\u011bl\u00ed na cigarety, doutn\u00edky a cigarillos, tab\u00e1k ke kou\u0159en\u00ed a zah\u0159\u00edvan\u00e9 tab\u00e1kov\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky. Procentn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st dan\u011b se ur\u010d\u00ed podle ceny pro kone\u010dn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kazn\u00edka.\u00a0 A pevn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st dan\u011b je mno\u017estv\u00ed vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00e9 v kusech.<\/p>\n

\u201eAv\u0161ak u doutn\u00edk\u016f a cigarillos se z\u00e1klad dan\u011b vypo\u010dte pouze z mno\u017estv\u00ed vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00e9ho v\u00a0kusech, a u tab\u00e1ku ke kou\u0159en\u00ed je mno\u017estv\u00ed vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00e9 v\u00a0kilogramech, a stejn\u011b tomu je u zah\u0159\u00edvan\u00fdch tab\u00e1kov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f<\/em>,\u201c vysv\u011btluje Miroslav \u0160perka, partner V4 Group.<\/p>\n

U cigaret je nov\u011b pevn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st sazby dan\u011b 1,97,- K\u010d za kus, nam\u00edsto 1,88,- K\u010d za kus. U doutn\u00edk\u016f a cigarillos je nov\u011b pevn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st sazby dan\u011b 2,29 K\u010d za kus nam\u00edsto 2,19,- K\u010d za kus. A u tab\u00e1ku ke kou\u0159en\u00ed je nov\u011b sazba dan\u011b 3 000,- K\u010d za Kg, nam\u00edsto 2 860,- K\u010d za Kg.\u00a0 A d\u00e1le, sazba dan\u011b u zah\u0159\u00edvan\u00fdch tab\u00e1kov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f je 3,- K\u010d nam\u00edsto 2,8,- K\u010d. Dal\u0161\u00ed zm\u011bny z\u00e1kona o spot\u0159ebn\u00edch dan\u00edch byly posunuty a\u017e na 12.2.2023 a 1.1.2024.<\/p>\n

Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed starobn\u00edho d\u016fchodu za v\u00fdchovu d\u011bt\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n

Od 1. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2022 bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 pod\u00e1vat\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dost o zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed starobn\u00edho d\u016fchodu za vychovan\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b\u00a0tzv. v\u00fdchovn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\u201eNa v\u00fdchovn\u00e9 ve v\u00fd\u0161i\u00a0500,- K\u010d <\/strong>za ka\u017ed\u00e9 vychovan\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b bude m\u00edt od 1. ledna 2023 n\u00e1rok ten z rodi\u010d\u016f,\u00a0kter\u00fd o d\u00edt\u011b pe\u010doval v nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm rozsahu. <\/strong>C\u00edlem je ocenit osoby, kter\u00e9 dlouhodob\u011b zaji\u0161\u0165ovaly v\u00fdchovu d\u00edt\u011bte. Automaticky ho dostanou nap\u0159\u00edklad ty \u017eeny, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e d\u016fchod pob\u00edraj\u00ed. Samostatn\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dost se tedy t\u00fdk\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm mu\u017e\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed o d\u011bti p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b pe\u010dovali a ji\u017e d\u016fchod maj\u00ed p\u0159iznan\u00fd<\/em>,\u201c up\u0159es\u0148uje Miroslav \u0160perka.<\/p>\n

Aby v\u00fdchovn\u00e9 bylo p\u0159izn\u00e1no bude se vy\u017eadovat, aby osoba p\u0159ed datem vzniku n\u00e1roku na starobn\u00ed d\u016fchod osobn\u011b pe\u010dovala o d\u00edt\u011b do dosa\u017een\u00ed zletilosti alespo\u0148 po dobu deseti let, s t\u00edm, \u017ee pokud se ujala v\u00fdchovy d\u00edt\u011bte po dosa\u017een\u00ed 8. roku jeho v\u011bku, posta\u010d\u00ed, pokud pe\u010dovala alespo\u0148 po dobu p\u011bti let a nep\u0159estala o d\u00edt\u011b pe\u010dovat p\u0159ed dosa\u017een\u00edm jeho zletilosti.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1rok na v\u00fdchovn\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee vzniknout \u017eadateli jak na d\u00edt\u011b vlastn\u00ed, tak osvojen\u00e9 a t\u00e9\u017e p\u0159evzat\u00e9 do p\u00e9\u010de nahrazuj\u00edc\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di rodi\u010d\u016f p\u011bstounsk\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010de za spln\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdch podm\u00ednek.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdchovn\u00e9 nen\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed tomu, kdo se v\u016f\u010di d\u00edt\u011bti dopustil jako pachatel, spolupachatel nebo \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk \u00famysln\u00e9ho trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu proti \u017eivotu a zdrav\u00ed, proti svobod\u011b a pr\u00e1v\u016fm na ochranu osobnosti, proti lidsk\u00e9 d\u016fstojnosti v sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed oblasti nebo proti rodin\u011b a d\u011btem podle trestn\u011bpr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f.<\/p>\n

Zm\u011bny ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m zdravotn\u00edm poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n

Od 31.8.2022 do\u0161lo ke zm\u011bn\u011b vym\u011b\u0159ovac\u00edho z\u00e1kladu osoby, za kterou je pl\u00e1tcem pojistn\u00e9ho st\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

Novela z\u00e1kona o\u00a0pojistn\u00e9m na ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017eila platbu na zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed za st\u00e1tn\u00ed poji\u0161t\u011bnce.<\/p>\n

\u201eZa dan\u00e9ho zam\u011bstnance se neodv\u00e1d\u00ed pojistn\u00e9 na zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vypo\u010dten\u00e9 ze skute\u010dn\u011b dosa\u017een\u00e9 mzdy \u010di platu. Vym\u011b\u0159ovac\u00edm z\u00e1kladem takov\u00fdchto zam\u011bstnanc\u016f je pouze \u010d\u00e1stka, kter\u00e1 p\u0159esahuje vym\u011b\u0159ovac\u00ed z\u00e1klad osoby, za kterou je pl\u00e1tcem pojistn\u00e9ho st\u00e1t (dle novely \u010d. 260\/2022 to byla od 31.8.2022 \u010d\u00e1stka 11.014 K\u010d). Pojistn\u00e9 z\u00a0t\u00e9to \u010d\u00e1stky pak bylo 1 487\u00a0K\u010d,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje Miroslav \u0160perka z\u00a0V4 Group a dod\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee se zde vyu\u017eije takzvan\u00fd odpo\u010det.<\/p>\n

Odpo\u010det znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se z\u00a0vym\u011b\u0159ovac\u00edho z\u00e1kladu pro v\u00fdpo\u010det pojistn\u00e9ho ode\u010dte \u010d\u00e1stka, kter\u00e1 je vym\u011b\u0159ovac\u00edm z\u00e1kladem pro pojistn\u00e9 hrazen\u00e9 st\u00e1tem. Za dan\u00e9ho zam\u011bstnance se tedy neodv\u00e1d\u00ed pojistn\u00e9 vypo\u010dten\u00e9 ze skute\u010dn\u011b dosa\u017een\u00e9 mzdy (platu). Vym\u011b\u0159ovac\u00edm z\u00e1kladem je jen \u010d\u00e1stka p\u0159esahuj\u00edc\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stku, kter\u00e1 je vym\u011b\u0159ovac\u00edm z\u00e1kladem u\u00a0osoby, za kterou je pl\u00e1tcem pojistn\u00e9ho st\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

Schv\u00e1len\u00e1 novela z\u00e1kona o ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m zdravotn\u00edm poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017eila m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed platbu ze st\u00e1tn\u00edho rozpo\u010dtu za tzv. st\u00e1tn\u00ed\u00a0poji\u0161t\u011bnce z\u00a01 967 K\u010d na 1 487 K\u010d<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

St\u00e1tn\u00ed poji\u0161t\u011bnci -> platby\u00a0zdravotn\u00edho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed\u00a0odv\u00e1d\u00ed st\u00e1t nap\u0159. za:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. D\u016fchodce \u2013 starobn\u00ed, invalidn\u00ed i poz\u016fstalostn\u00ed<\/li>\n
  2. Nezaopat\u0159en\u00e9 d\u011bti \u2013 nezaopat\u0159en\u00e9 d\u011bti do 26 let, je\u017e se soustavn\u011b p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed na budouc\u00ed povol\u00e1n\u00ed<\/li>\n
  3. P\u0159\u00edjemci pen\u011b\u017eit\u00e9 pomoci v mate\u0159stv\u00ed<\/li>\n
  4. P\u0159\u00edjemci rodi\u010dovsk\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku<\/li>\n
  5. Osoby pe\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed celodenn\u011b o jedno d\u00edt\u011b do 7 let anebo o dv\u011b d\u011bti do 15 let<\/li>\n
  6. Osoby pe\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed o osoby ve stupni z\u00e1vislosti<\/li>\n
  7. P\u0159\u00edjemci d\u00e1vek hmotn\u00e9 nouze<\/li>\n
  8. Osoby v evidenci \u00da\u0159adu pr\u00e1ce<\/li>\n
  9. \u017eadatele o ud\u011blen\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ochrany a jeho d\u00edt\u011b narozen\u00e9 na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky<\/li>\n
  10. V\u00fdkon detence, vazby nebo trestu<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Od ledna 2023 pak m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed platba za st\u00e1tn\u00ed poji\u0161t\u011bnce \u010din\u00ed 1 900 korun.<\/p>\n

    Novela z\u00e1kona o ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m zdravotn\u00edm poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed rovn\u011b\u017e zav\u00e1d\u00ed ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00ed valorizaci plateb za st\u00e1tn\u00ed poji\u0161t\u011bnce. V dal\u0161\u00edch letech pak budou platby valorizov\u00e1ny\u00a0na z\u00e1klad\u011b\u00a0v\u00fdvoje re\u00e1ln\u00fdch mezd a inflace.<\/p>\n

    \u201eOd roku 2024 m\u00e1 b\u00fdt tedy z\u00e1rove\u0148 zavedena automatick\u00e1 valorizace zdravotn\u00edch plateb st\u00e1tu. Bude vych\u00e1zet z m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stky 1900 korun na poji\u0161t\u011bnce, kterou bude st\u00e1t odv\u00e1d\u011bt p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed rok. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 to upraven\u00e1 vl\u00e1dn\u00ed novela<\/em>,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1 \u0160perka.<\/p>\n

    Leto\u0161n\u00edm sn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm \u00fahrad na \u010d\u00e1st roku chce st\u00e1t u\u0161et\u0159it ve sv\u00e9m rozpo\u010dtu zhruba 14 miliard korun. P\u0159edloha \u010delila v\u00a0poslaneck\u00e9 sn\u011bmovn\u011b obstrukc\u00edm opozice, jeliko\u017e n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed se ob\u00e1vaj\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9ho sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed kvality a dostupnosti zdravotn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de.<\/p>\n

    Valoriza\u010dn\u00ed mechanismus bude stejn\u00fd jako u d\u016fchod\u016f. St\u00e1tn\u00ed platby do zdravotnictv\u00ed tedy porostou o inflaci a o polovinu r\u016fstu re\u00e1ln\u00e9 mzdy.<\/p>\n

    Z\u00e1kon o podporovan\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch energie \u2013 zm\u011bna z\u00e1ruk p\u016fvodu energie<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Z\u00e1rukou p\u016fvodu je elektronick\u00fd dokument, kter\u00fd dokl\u00e1d\u00e1 z\u00e1kazn\u00edkovi p\u016fvod dodan\u00e9 energie ze\u00a0zdroje obnoviteln\u00e9 energie (OZE) nebo kombinovan\u00e9 v\u00fdroby elekt\u0159iny a tepla (KVET). Na vyd\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1ruky p\u016fvodu m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u00fdrobce, kter\u00fd oper\u00e1torovi trhu dolo\u017e\u00ed, \u017ee energii z OZE nebo z KVET v p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed vyrobil. Celkov\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed z\u00e1ruk p\u016fvodu tak v\u017edy odpov\u00edd\u00e1 mno\u017estv\u00ed energie vyroben\u00e9 z OZE. Nov\u011b doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 \u00faprav\u011b podm\u00ednek pro vyd\u00e1n\u00ed, evidenci a uzn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1ruk p\u016fvodu elekt\u0159iny.<\/p>\n

    \u201eS\u00a0touto novelou se bude jednat o z\u00e1ruky p\u016fvodu energie z\u00a0obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f, nikoliv pouze elekt\u0159iny, jeliko\u017e nov\u011b bude mo\u017eno z\u00e1ruky vyd\u00e1vat i na biometan, vod\u00edk nebo teplo. D\u00e1le novela z\u00e1kona specifikuje, \u017ee z\u00e1ruka p\u016fvodu a sn\u00ed spjat\u00e1 pr\u00e1va se pova\u017euj\u00ed za nehmotnou v\u011bc<\/em>,\u201c uv\u00e1d\u00ed \u0160perka.<\/p>\n

    Novela rozv\u00edj\u00ed z\u00e1ruky p\u016fvodu pro jednotliv\u00e9 typy energie \u2013 biometan, vod\u00edk, teplo a elekt\u0159inu. Nov\u011b se u ka\u017ed\u00e9ho zdroje energie uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee z\u00e1ruka se vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 pouze na energie vyroben\u00e9 v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice. Z\u00e1ruka p\u016fvodu elekt\u0159iny je v sou\u010dasnosti vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na hlavn\u011b mezi z\u00e1kazn\u00edky velk\u00fdch korpor\u00e1tn\u00edch spole\u010dnost\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed jejich prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm realizuj\u00ed sv\u00e9 z\u00e1vazky n\u00e1kupu bezemisn\u00ed nebo n\u00edzkoemisn\u00ed elekt\u0159iny.<\/p>\n

    Vzhledem k\u00a0limit\u016fm, kter\u00e9 rozvod energi\u00ed p\u0159edstavuje, lze jen st\u011b\u017e\u00ed fyzicky odd\u011blit energie z\u00a0OZE nebo KVET, proto jsou z\u00e1ruky obchodovatelnou v\u011bc\u00ed, kterou lze p\u0159ev\u00e9st na kone\u010dn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kazn\u00edka. Ten tak z\u00edsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo prokazuj\u00edc\u00ed, \u017ee takto vyroben\u00e9 energie byla po spot\u0159ebov\u00e1n\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed energie uveden\u00e9ho v z\u00e1ruce pak byla vymaz\u00e1na ze syst\u00e9mu z\u00e1ruk.<\/p>\n

    Zm\u011bny pro d\u016fchodce, kte\u0159\u00ed pracovali ve slo\u017ek\u00e1ch IZS <\/strong><\/p>\n

    Z\u00e1konod\u00e1rci v\u00a0roce 2021 schv\u00e1lili, \u017ee zam\u011bstnanci IZS maj\u00ed m\u00edt po 20 letech slu\u017eby n\u00e1rok na d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed d\u016fchod. V\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b tedy plat\u00ed, \u017ee kdy\u017e maj\u00ed 20 let ve slo\u017ek\u00e1ch IZS odpracov\u00e1no, mohou od roku 2023 odej\u00edt do p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9ho d\u016fchodu, ani\u017e by za to byli finan\u010dn\u011b sankcionovan\u00ed.<\/p>\n

    Nicm\u00e9n\u011b Ministerstvo pr\u00e1ce a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed konstatovalo, \u017ee sou\u010dasn\u00e1 podoba je formulov\u00e1na\u00a0zmate\u010dn\u011b a v\u00a0praxi neprovediteln\u00e1. Nav\u00edc nen\u00ed vyjasn\u011bn okruh poji\u0161t\u011bnc\u016f, kter\u00fdch se m\u00e1 v\u00fdhoda t\u00fdkat.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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