{"id":1476,"date":"2023-05-22T05:47:31","date_gmt":"2023-05-22T05:47:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.czechbankingnews.cz\/?p=1476"},"modified":"2023-05-22T05:47:31","modified_gmt":"2023-05-22T05:47:31","slug":"stem-mark-zkoumala-jak-je-prijiman-vladni-balicek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.czechbankingnews.cz\/?p=1476","title":{"rendered":"STEM\/MARK zkoumala jak je p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n vl\u00e1dn\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dek"},"content":{"rendered":"

Alespo\u0148 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b s ozdravn\u00fdm pl\u00e1nem souhlas\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 t\u0159etina populace. V\u011bt\u0161ina uzn\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee je v r\u00e1mci ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch financ\u00ed pot\u0159eba \u0161et\u0159it.\u00a0 Podle v\u011bt\u0161iny lid\u00ed m\u011bla z\u016fstat jednotn\u00e1 10% sazba DPH na tiskoviny.\u00a0V\u00edce ne\u017e polovina lid\u00ed mysl\u00ed, \u017ee aktu\u00e1ln\u011b navr\u017een\u00fd ozdravn\u00fd pl\u00e1n je bude n\u011bco st\u00e1t. Dv\u011b t\u0159etiny lid\u00ed kritizuj\u00ed nedostate\u010dnou komunikaci vl\u00e1dy.<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Pr\u016fzkum agentury STEM\/MARK<\/em><\/strong> byl realizov\u00e1n v\u00a0polovin\u011b kv\u011btna (p\u00e1r dn\u00ed po ozn\u00e1men\u00ed vl\u00e1dn\u00edho ozdravn\u00e9ho pl\u00e1nu \u2013 \u010cesko ve form\u011b). C\u00edlem \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed bylo zmapovat n\u00e1zory populace ohledn\u011b p\u0159edstavovan\u00fdch vl\u00e1dn\u00edch n\u00e1vrh\u016f k\u00a0uzdraven\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch financ\u00ed. Kolik lid\u00ed s\u00a0t\u011bmito n\u00e1vrhy souhlas\u00ed? Jak\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed n\u00e1vrhy schvaluj\u00ed a kter\u00e9 naopak bud\u00ed v\u00e1\u0161n\u011b? Kolik procent lid\u00ed si mysl\u00ed, \u017ee na n\u011b tato opat\u0159en\u00ed dopadnou negativn\u011b? To i mnoh\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed se do\u010dtete v\u00a0t\u00e9to tiskov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1v\u011b.<\/p>\n

Mus\u00edme \u0161et\u0159it, kde ale konkr\u00e9tn\u011b?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Graf 1:<\/strong> M\u00edra souhlasu s\u00a0ozdravn\u00fdm pl\u00e1nem vl\u00e1dy, t\u0159\u00edd\u011bno dle aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed volby do PS <\/strong>(hodnoty v %)<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Detailn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sezn\u00e1men\u00ed s\u00a0vl\u00e1dn\u00edmi n\u00e1vrhy \u00faspor (bu\u010f vid\u011bli p\u0159\u00edmo \u010dtvrte\u010dn\u00ed konferenci nebo se podrobn\u011bji informovali pozd\u011bji) ji\u017e u\u010dinilo 30 % dosp\u011bl\u00fdch \u010cech\u016f. Dal\u0161\u00edch 56 % to zaznamenalo jen zb\u011b\u017en\u011b a 14 % o tom nev\u00ed. \u010cast\u011bji tato problematika zaj\u00edmala mu\u017ee, star\u0161\u00ed ro\u010dn\u00edky, lidi s\u00a0vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm \u010di p\u0159\u00edjmem, podnikatele a voli\u010de hnut\u00ed ANO \u010di \u010cSSD.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0m\u00ed\u0159e souhlasu s\u00a0konsolida\u010dn\u00edm bal\u00ed\u010dkem u\u017e zazn\u00edv\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed skepse. Z\u00a0cel\u00fdm jeho zn\u011bn\u00edm souhlas\u00ed jen 8 % lid\u00ed, 25 % je pro \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b \u2013 tedy s\u00a0n\u011b\u010d\u00edm souhlas\u00ed, ale n\u011bkde maj\u00ed pochybnosti. Nesouhlas s\u00a0touto podobou vl\u00e1dn\u00edho bal\u00ed\u010dku projevilo 66 % lid\u00ed (zbytek nev\u00ed nebo se nevyj\u00e1d\u0159il). Odli\u0161n\u00e9 vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed je patrn\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm u voli\u010d\u016f vl\u00e1dn\u00edch a opozi\u010dn\u00edch \u010di neparlamentn\u00edch stran \u2013 to zobrazuje graf \u010d. 1.<\/p>\n

\u201eV\u011bt\u0161ina populace se shodla v\u00a0tom ohledu, \u017ee je pot\u0159eba s\u00a0ve\u0159ejn\u00fdmi finan\u010dn\u00edmi prost\u0159edky \u0161et\u0159it, to se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed cel\u00e9 t\u0159i \u010dtvrtiny obyvatelstva. V\u00fdvoj nal\u00e9havosti probl\u00e9mu zadlu\u017een\u00ed \u010cR sledujeme ji\u017e del\u0161\u00ed dobu a po vy\u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00a0epidemick\u00e9, ukrajinsk\u00e9 a energetick\u00e9 krizi se probl\u00e9m posunul a\u017e do horn\u00edho patra nal\u00e9havosti v\u00a0o\u010d\u00edch ob\u010dan\u016f. V\u00a0tomto pohledu lze tedy \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee lid\u00e9 jsou se stavem ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch financ\u00ed solid\u00e1rn\u00ed. V\u00edce pak mu\u017ei, lid\u00e9 s\u00a0vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm a p\u0159\u00edjmy a tak\u00e9 voli\u010di vl\u00e1dn\u00edch stran,\u201c<\/em> hodnot\u00ed v\u00fdsledky autor pr\u016fzkumu Jan Burianec ze STEM\/MARK.<\/p>\n

Nejv\u00edce pochybnost\u00ed bud\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed DPH na l\u00e9ky a vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed da\u0148 z nemovitosti<\/strong><\/p>\n

Z\u00a0pohledu, kter\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed n\u00e1vrhy jsou v\u00a0o\u010d\u00edch lid\u00ed nejv\u00edce a nejm\u00e9n\u011b rozumn\u00e9, m\u016f\u017eeme rozli\u0161it t\u0159i skupiny n\u00e1vrh\u016f: p\u0159ijateln\u00e9, kontroverzn\u00ed (p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b polovina je pova\u017euje za rozumn\u00e9, polovina nikoliv) a nep\u0159ijateln\u00e9. Op\u011bt plat\u00ed, \u017ee v\u00edce naklon\u011bni byli jednotliv\u00fdm n\u00e1vrh\u016fm v\u00edce lid\u00e9 s\u00a0vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm a voli\u010di vl\u00e1dn\u00edch stran, ale daleko v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtkem zde bylo i soci\u00e1ln\u011b-ekonomick\u00e9 postaven\u00ed, proto\u017ee jednotliv\u00e9 n\u00e1vrhy dopadaj\u00ed na lidi z\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch skupin odli\u0161n\u011b podle toho jak tyto \u00faspory \u010di zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f st\u00e1tu dopadaj\u00ed na jejich pen\u011b\u017eenky. Hodnocen\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch n\u00e1vrh\u016f zobrazuje graf n\u00ed\u017ee.<\/p>\n

Graf 2:<\/strong> Hodnocen\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch vl\u00e1dn\u00edch n\u00e1vrh\u016f konsolida\u010dn\u00edho bal\u00ed\u010dku <\/strong>(hodnoty v %)<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u201eJako nerozumn\u00e9 hodnot\u00ed respondenti prim\u00e1rn\u011b oblasti, kter\u00e9 jsou nelogick\u00e9: pro\u010d je jin\u00e1 DPH u novin a jin\u00e1 u \u010dasopis\u016f, pro\u010d je\u0161t\u011b jin\u00e1 (nulov\u00e1) u knih? Ji\u017e se objevily v\u011bty typu: \u201eCopak knihy maj\u00ed nulovou p\u0159idanou hodnotu?\u201c Stejn\u00e9 je to u absence spot\u0159ebn\u00ed dan\u011b na jen jeden typ alkoholu,\u201c <\/em>glosuje \u0159editel STEM\/MARK Jan Tu\u010dek.<\/p>\n

Lid\u00e9 se shoduj\u00ed, \u017ee na jejich pen\u011b\u017eenky to zas\u00e1hne sp\u00ed\u0161e negativn\u011b<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u0159i hodnocen\u00ed subjektivn\u00edch dopad\u016f vl\u00e1dn\u00edch n\u00e1vrh\u016f \u00faspor se nadpolovi\u010dn\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161ina domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee je to bude v\u00a0jejich rozpo\u010dtu st\u00e1t n\u011bco na v\u00edc. \u010cast\u011bji si to mysl\u00ed Pra\u017ean\u00e9, \u017eeny na mate\u0159sk\u00e9 dovolen\u00e9 a podnikatel\u00e9 \u010di OSV\u010c. V\u00a0ot\u00e1zce odhadovan\u00fdch ro\u010dn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f nav\u00edc vych\u00e1z\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1stka na 11. 200,- K\u010d. Sumu je ov\u0161em nutn\u00e9 br\u00e1t s\u00a0rezervou, proto\u017ee \u0159ada lid\u00ed si to je\u0161t\u011b nedok\u00e1zala p\u0159esn\u011b propo\u010d\u00edtat.<\/p>\n

Graf 3:<\/strong> Subjektivn\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed dopadu vl\u00e1dn\u00edch n\u00e1vrh\u016f \u00faspor na respondenty <\/strong>(hodnoty v %)<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

T\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00e9 sazby DPH na tiskoviny (noviny, \u010dasopisy a knihy) jsou nelogick\u00e9<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pr\u016fzkum STEM\/MARK se v\u00a0detailu zaj\u00edmal o n\u00e1vrhy, kter\u00e9 doposud vzbudily nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00e1\u0161n\u011b \u010di kontroverze ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m prostoru. Prvn\u00ed z\u00a0nich jsou r\u016fzn\u00e1 sazby DPH na tiskoviny. Lid\u00e9 jsou v\u00a0celkov\u00e9m pohledu tisku naklon\u011bni a odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed se to i v\u00a0jednotliv\u00fdch n\u00e1zorech. Advok\u00e1ti tisku jsou v\u00a0tomto ohledu \u010dast\u011bji star\u0161\u00ed lid\u00e9 a vysoko\u0161kolsky vzd\u011blan\u00ed. Ale za velmi nerozumn\u00fd krok u zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed DPH sazby na denn\u00ed tisk pova\u017euje i \u010dtvrtina ne\u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016f. Podporu \u010dasopis\u016fm pak vyjad\u0159uje i ka\u017ed\u00fd p\u00e1t\u00fd ne\u010dten\u00e1\u0159, zde ale DPH sazba nen\u00ed zvednuta tak vysoce.<\/p>\n

K\u00a0zamy\u0161len\u00ed je i vliv t\u011bchto krok\u016f na rozmach dezinforma\u010dn\u00ed sc\u00e9ny. Zem\u011b na z\u00e1pad a sever od n\u00e1s si v\u011bt\u0161inou uv\u011bdomuj\u00ed, \u017ee kvalitn\u00ed \u017eurnalistika p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k\u00a0v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed informovanosti ob\u010dan\u016f i k\u00a0jejich v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed odolnosti v\u016f\u010di dezinformac\u00edm, k\u00a0v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed transparentnosti spr\u00e1vy v\u011bc\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch a ke kontrole jej\u00edho mo\u017en\u00e9ho zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u00a0tomto smyslu je dobr\u00e9 odli\u0161ovat i \u010dten\u00e1\u0159skou a informa\u010dn\u00ed gramotnost, ta druh\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt dle 39 % lid\u00ed v\u00a0potenci\u00e1ln\u00edm ohro\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Graf 4:<\/strong> M\u00edra souhlasu s\u00a0v\u00fdroky okolo zm\u011bn DPH na tiskoviny <\/strong>(hodnoty v %)<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

A\u017e t\u0159etina piva\u0159\u016f m\u016f\u017ee po zdra\u017een\u00ed piva skrze vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed sazbu DPH omezit svou konzumaci<\/strong><\/p>\n

Druh\u00e1 kontroverze, kter\u00e1 je \u0159e\u0161ena se t\u00fdk\u00e1 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed DPH na pivo, ale zachov\u00e1n\u00ed nulov\u00e9 spot\u0159ebn\u00ed dan\u011b na v\u00edno (v\u00edno, jako jedin\u00fd alkoholick\u00fd n\u00e1poj nen\u00ed v\u00a0tuzemsku zat\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 spot\u0159ebn\u00ed dan\u00ed). Z\u00a0t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed pivo pij\u00ed, vad\u00ed tento n\u00e1vrh valn\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed se dokonce vyj\u00e1d\u0159ili tak, \u017ee konzumaci \u010depovan\u00e9ho piva budou muset omezit, pokud tento n\u00e1vrh vejde v\u00a0platnost a dojde k\u00a0zdra\u017een\u00ed. Pivo m\u00e1 ale sv\u00e9 podporovatele i mezi nepij\u00e1ky tohoto n\u00e1poje, se zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm DPH sazby na pivo nesouhlas\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b p\u011btina z\u00a0nich. To, \u017ee m\u00e1 b\u00fdt v\u00edno i nad\u00e1le bez spot\u0159ebn\u00ed dan\u011b podporuje v\u00edce ne\u017e \u010dtvrtina populace \u2013 nep\u0159ekvapiv\u011b hlavn\u011b z Moravy. Polovina s\u00a0t\u00edm nesouhlas\u00ed a mysl\u00ed si, \u017ee v\u016f\u010di ostatn\u00edm alkoholick\u00fdm n\u00e1poj\u016fm to nen\u00ed f\u00e9r.<\/p>\n

Vl\u00e1dn\u00ed komunikace by se m\u011bla dle m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed lid\u00ed zlep\u0161it <\/strong><\/p>\n

To, \u017ee vl\u00e1da komunikuje sv\u00e9 kroky a rozhodnut\u00ed dob\u0159e si mysl\u00ed jen 3 % lid\u00ed a \u010d\u00edslo se p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 nezved\u00e1 ani u voli\u010d\u016f jednotliv\u00fdch vl\u00e1dn\u00edch stran (ODS \u2013 12 %, TOP 09 \u2013 7 %, KDU-\u010cSL \u2013 6 %, STAN \u2013 2 %, Pir\u00e1ti \u2013 8 %). T\u0159etina lid\u00ed ale uzn\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee vl\u00e1da se komunikovat sna\u017e\u00ed, ale je zde prostor pro zlep\u0161en\u00ed \u2013 \u010dast\u011bji vla\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed voli\u010di vl\u00e1dn\u00edch stran. Zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dv\u011b t\u0159etiny se n\u00e1sledn\u011b domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee vl\u00e1d\u011b se neda\u0159\u00ed komunikovat v\u016fbec. Tento n\u00e1zor zast\u00e1vaj\u00ed logicky p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm voli\u010di opozi\u010dn\u00edch a neparlamentn\u00edch stran.<\/p>\n

\u201eMnoho lid\u00ed dok\u00e1\u017ee uznat, \u017ee vl\u00e1da nem\u00e1 lehkou situaci a mus\u00ed se vyrovn\u00e1vat s\u00a0\u0159adou probl\u00e9m\u016f a\u0165 u\u017e sou\u010dasnosti \u010di minulosti. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 ale \u010dasto po\u017eaduj\u00ed, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 kroky by byly snesiteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, kdyby komunikace byla z\u0159eteln\u00e1 a v\u00a0pravideln\u00fdch intervalech,\u201c<\/em> uzav\u00edr\u00e1 Burianec.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Alespo\u0148 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b s ozdravn\u00fdm pl\u00e1nem souhlas\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 t\u0159etina populace. V\u011bt\u0161ina uzn\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee je v r\u00e1mci ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch financ\u00ed pot\u0159eba \u0161et\u0159it.\u00a0 Podle v\u011bt\u0161iny lid\u00ed m\u011bla z\u016fstat jednotn\u00e1 […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1479,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1476","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.czechbankingnews.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1476","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.czechbankingnews.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.czechbankingnews.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.czechbankingnews.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.czechbankingnews.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1476"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.czechbankingnews.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1476\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1481,"href":"https:\/\/www.czechbankingnews.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1476\/revisions\/1481"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.czechbankingnews.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1479"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.czechbankingnews.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1476"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.czechbankingnews.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1476"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.czechbankingnews.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1476"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}